Homework:

2025 Past paper for Maths, Chemistry and biology

Glossary:

Lattice - structure of ionic and metallic

Titration - to find the concentration of an unknown solution

Standard solution - a solution of accurately known concentration

pH indicator - identify the end-point of the experiment (titration)

Concordant - results with values within 0.2 of each other.

Pipette - accurate volumetric measurement.

unsaturation - contains C=C (decolourise Br2 water)

precipitation reaction - a solid is formed

Homologous Series - same general formula, similar chemical properties

Isomer - same molecular formula, different structure

isotope - same atomic number, different mass number

Making a salt:

add the insoluble base (carbonate) to the acid, until it stops fizzing

Filtration

evaporation

Addition reactions of alkene

hydrogenation (adding H2 to make alkane)

hydration (adding water to make alcohol)

halogenation (adding a halogen)

Reactions of alcohol

dehydration (remove water to make an alkene)

combustion (reacting with oxygen to make water and carbon dioxide)

oxidation (adding oxygen to make a carboxylic acid)